Knowledge of telemedicine and its associated factors among health professional in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Telemedicine is a useful tool for decreasing hospital stress, patient suffering, ambulance needs, hospital anxiety, and costs while improving the standard of care. Nonetheless, the lack of awareness regarding telemedicine poses a barrier to its application, presenting several difficulties in underdeveloped nations like Ethiopia. This review evaluates Ethiopian-specific telemedicine knowledge and associated factors. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted using a search of several online databases in addition to the main databases, like Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct. The writers have looked for, reviewed, and summarized information about telemedicine knowledge in the healthcare system. This study contained seven studies that examined telemedicine knowledge in the Ethiopian healthcare sector. Studies that followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA) were found using search engines. The investigation was carried out using STATA version 11. The indicator of heterogeneity (I2) was used to assess the level of heterogeneity among the included studies. The funnel plot was visually inspected, and Egger's regression test was run to check for publication bias. The pooled effect size of every study is estimated using a random-effect model meta-analysis. RESULTS: Examination of 2160 studies, seven studies involving 2775 health professionals, and seven out of the 2160 publications assessed satisfied the inclusion criteria and were added to the systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of Telemedicine knowledge was 45.20 (95% CI: 34.87-55.53). Whereas the pooled factor was computer training was 2.24 times (AOR = 2.24 (95%; CI: 1.64-3.08)), computer access was 2.07 times (AOR = 2.07 (95% CI: 1.50-2.87)), internet access was 3.09 times (AOR = 3.09 (95% CI: 1.34-7.13)), social media access were 3.09 times (AOR = 3.09(95%; CI: 1.34-7.13)), educational status degree and above were 2.73 times (AOR = 2.73; 95% CI: 0.85-8.82), Awareness were 3.18 times (AOR = 3.18 (95%; CI: 1.02-9.91)), Management support was 1.85 (AOR = 1.85 (95% CI: 01.25-2.75)), computer literacy were 2.90 times (AOR = 2.90 (95% CI: 1.81-4.64)), computer owner were 1.70 times (AOR = 1.70 (95% CI: 1.05-2.76)), male gender were 1.95 times (AOR = 1.95 (95% CI: 1.32-2.87)). CONCLUSION: The overall pooled prevalence of telemedicine knowledge was low. Gender, education, management support, computer access, social media access, internet access, telemedicine awareness, and telemedicine training associated with telemedicine knowledge.

Exploring facilitators and barriers of the sustainable acceptance of e-health system solutions in Ethiopia: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: eHealth is the use of information and communications technologies in support of health and health-related fields, including healthcare services, health surveillance, health literature, and health education knowledge and research, has the potential to improve the delivery and support of healthcare services by promoting information sharing and evidence-based health practice. Acceptance of e-health in Ethiopia using systematic review is uncertain. As a result, this study aimed to assess barriers and facilitators of the sustainable acceptance of e-health system adoption in Ethiopia through a systematic review of the literature. METHODS: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist was used to conduct this study. Relevant articles have been searched in Google Scholar, Medline, PubMed, Embrace, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and empirical research done in Ethiopia is the main emphasis of the search strategy. The total number of studies that satisfied the criteria for inclusion was ten. In this research, empirical data related to e-health acceptance factors were retrieved, examined, and summarized by the authors. RESULTS: This systematic review identified a total of 25 predictors that have been found in the ten studies. The identified facilitators were effort expectancy, performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, social influences, attitude, computer literacy, participant age, perceived enjoyment, and educational status, duration of mobile device use, organizational culture, and habit. Moreover, technology anxiety was the most barrier to sustainable acceptance of e-health systems in Ethiopia. CONCLUSIONS: The most common facilitator identified from the predictors was effort expectancy, which played a major role in the adoption of the e-health system in Ethiopia. Therefore, eHealth implementers and managers in those settings should give users of the system priority in improving the technical infrastructure by regularly providing them with basic facilitating conditions. They should also pay attention to the system they want to implement because doing so will improve the users' perception of the system's value and attitude.

User Satisfaction of Using Electronic Medical Record System and Its Associated Factors among Healthcare Professionals in Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Electronic medical record (EMR) systems have become essential for the proper management of patients' information. Electronic medical record systems are on the rise in developing countries due to the need to ensure improved quality of healthcare. However, EMR systems can be ignored, if users are not satisfied with the implemented system. User dissatisfaction has been associated with the failure of EMR systems as a primary factor. There is also limited research done in the Ethiopian context on EMR user satisfaction at private hospitals. This study is aimed at assessing user satisfaction with electronic medical records and associated factors among health professionals working at private hospitals in Addis Ababa. Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among health professionals working at private hospitals in Addis Ababa, from March to April 2021. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. EpiData version 4.6 and Stata version 25 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Descriptive analyses were computed for the study variables. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out to assess the significance of independent variables on dependent variables. Results: A total of 403 (95.33% response rate) participants completed all the questionnaires. More than half of 214 (53.10%) of the participants were satisfied with the EMR system. Factors associated with user satisfaction with electronic medical records were good computer literacy (AOR = 2.92, 95% CI: [1.16-7.37]), perceived information quality (AOR = 3.54, 95% CI: [1.55-8.11]), perceived service quality (AOR = 3.15, 95% CI: [1.58-6.28]), perceived system quality (AOR = 3.05, 95% CI: [1.32-7.05]), EMR training (AOR = 4.00, 95% CI: [1.76-9.03]), computer access (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI: [1.19-8.46]), and HMIS training (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI: [1.22-6.71]). Conclusions: In this study, health professionals' EMR satisfaction was moderate. The result showed that EMR training, computer literacy, computer access, perceived system quality, information quality, service quality, and HMIS training were associated with user satisfaction. Improving computer-related training, system quality, information quality, and service quality is an important intervention to improve the healthcare professional's satisfaction towards using electronic health record systems in Ethiopia.

Micronutrient intake and associated factors among pregnant women in East Africa: Multilevel logistic regression analysis.

BACKGROUND: Micronutrient deficiencies during pregnancy pose significant public health issues, considering the potential for negative consequences not only during pregnancy but also throughout life. Anemia in pregnant women is becoming a significant problem in developing countries, with scientific evidence indicating that 41.8 percent of women worldwide suffer from anemia. As a result, investigating the pooled prevalence and factors associated with micronutrient intake among pregnant women in East Africa is critical to alleviate the burden of micronutrient deficiency among pregnant women. METHOD: The pooled prevalence of micronutrient intake with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was reported and presented in a forest plot for East Africa Countries using STATA version 14.1. Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Likelihood Ratio (LR) test, Median Odds Ratio (MOR), and deviance (-2LLR) values were used for model comparison and fitness. Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and p-value ≤0.05 in the multilevel logistic model were used to declare significant factors associated with micronutrient intake. RESULT: The pooled prevalence of micronutrient intake in East African countries was 36.07% (95% CI: 35.82%, 36.33%). In the multilevel logistic regression model, women from the highest wealth quintile were 1.06 [AOR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.00, 1.11] more likely to take micronutrients compared to their counterparts. Mothers who attained primary education, secondary education, and tertiary education had 1.20 times [AOR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.26], 1.28 times [AOR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.36] and 1.22 times [AOR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.38] more likely take micronutrient compared to mothers who attained no education, respectively. CONCLUSION: The overall prevalence of micronutrient intake in East Africa was low. Only 36% of the study participants had micronutrient intake practice. Socioeconomic factors (education level, and household wealth status) have been shown to influence micronutrient intake. Therefore, it is necessitates the continuation of ongoing projects as well as the development of fresh ones that concentrate on these variables and include effective treatments and programs, especially among underprivileged and vulnerable populations.

Health professionals' routine practice documentation and its associated factors in a resource-limited setting: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: Documenting routine practice is significant for better diagnosis, treatment, continuity of care and medicolegal issues. However, health professionals' routine practice documentation is poorly practised. Therefore, this study aimed to assess health professionals' routine practice documentation and associated factors in a resource-limited setting. METHODS: An institution-based cross-sectional study design was used from 24 March up to 19 April 2022. Stratified random sampling and a pretested self-administered questionnaire were used among 423 samples. Epi Info V.7.1 and STATA V.15 software were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Descriptive statistics and a logistic regression model were employed to describe the study subjects and to measure the strength of association between dependent and independent variables, respectively. A variable with a p value of <0.2 in bivariate logistic regression was considered for multivariable logistic regression. In multivariable logistic regression, ORs with 95% CIs and a p value of <0.05 were considered to determine the strength of association between dependent and independent variables. RESULTS: Health professionals' documentation practice was 51.1% (95% CI: 48.64 to 53.1). Lack of motivation (adjusted OR (AOR): 0.41, 95% CI: 0.22 to 0.76), good knowledge (AOR: 1.35, 95% CI: 0.72 to 2.97), taking training (AOR: 4.18, 95% CI: 2.99 to 8.28), using electronic systems (AOR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.36 to 3.28), availability of standard documentation tools (AOR: 2.45, 95% CI: 1.35 to 4.43) were statistically associated factors. CONCLUSIONS: Health professionals' documentation practice is good. Lack of motivation, good knowledge, taking training, using electronic systems and the availability of documentation tools were significant factors. Stakeholders should provide additional training, and encourage professionals to use an electronic system for documentation practices.

Determinants of change in unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia using the 2005 and 2016 EDHS: non-linear multivariable decomposition analysis.

BACKGROUND: Unintended pregnancy is a pregnancy either mistimed or unwanted. The main consequence of unintended pregnancy is inducing abortion. In Ethiopia, more than half of unintended pregnancies end up in abortion. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to measure the change in unintended pregnancy among women of reproductive age between survey years 2005 and 2016 and to identify the socio-demographic factors that most significantly contributed to the change. METHODS: Data from the two most recent Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS) were analyzed. We quantified the contribution of socio-demographic factors in the change of unintended pregnancy, using Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition for non-linear regression models by applying the STATA command 'mvdcmp'. RESULT: Unintended pregnancy decreased from 37% in 2005 to 27% in 2016 in Ethiopia. Both changes in population characteristics and coefficient were the contributing elements to the observed change in unintended pregnancy. Among population characteristics factors, being a partial decision-maker and being a slum in the Somali region contributed 10 and 14% to the change of unintended pregnancy between the 2005 and 2016. Of the coefficient factors, knowledge of modern family planning, being a partial decision-maker, media exposure, distance to health facilities, and health facility visits contributed to the change by 93, 43, 17, and 10% respectively. CONCLUSION: The majority of the change in unintended pregnancy from 2005 to 2016 survey was due to differences in coefficients (85%). The principal contributing factors to the change of unintended pregnancy were FP knowledge, decision making, media exposure and health facility visits. Therefore, an interventional plan will be efficient, better, and more effective if focused on the larger contributing factors.

Trends and predictors of change of unmet need for family planning among reproductive age women in Ethiopia, based on Ethiopian demographic and health surveys from 2005-2016: Multivariable decomposition analysis.

BACKGROUND: By spacing births and preventing unintended pregnancies, family planning is a crucial technique strategy for controlling the fast expansion of the human population. It also improves maternal and child health. women who are thought to be sexually active but who do not use modern contraception methods, who either do not want to have any more children (Limiting) or who want to delay having children for at least two years are considered to have an unmet need for family planning (Spacing). OBJECTIVE: This study carried out to determine which socio-demographic factors are the key contributors to the discrepancies in the unmet need for family planning among women of reproductive age between surveys years 2005 and 2016. METHODS: The data for this study arrived from the Ethiopia Demographic Health Surveys in 2005, 2011, and 2016 to investigate trends and Predictors of change of unmet need for family planning among reproductive age women in Ethiopia. Pooled weighted sample of 26,230 (7761 in 2005, 9136 in 2011 and 9,333 in 2016 Ethiopian demographic health surveys) reproductive-age women were used for this study. For the overall trend (2005-2016) multivariable decomposition analysis for non-linear response outcome was calibrated to identify the factors that contributed to the change of unmet need for family planning. The Logit based multivariable decomposition analysis utilizes the output from the logistic regression model to assign the observed change in unmet need for family planning over time into two components. Stata version 16.0 was used to analyze the data. RESULT: The percentage of Ethiopian women of reproductive age who still lack access (unmet need) for family planning declined from 39.6% in 2005 to 23.6 percent in 2016. The decomposition analysis revealed that the change of unmet need for family planning was due to change in characteristics and coefficients. The difference in coefficients accounted for around nine out of 10 variations in unmet family planning need. Education level, birth order, and desired number of children were all factors that changed over the course of the last 11 years in relation to the unmet need for family planning. CONCLUSION: Between 2005 and 2016, there were remarkable changes in unmet need for family planning. Women with birth orders of five and up, women with secondary education, and women who wanted fewer children overall were the main causes of the change in unmet need for family planning.